zkSync ZK Stack explained: hyperchains, L3 recursion and hyperbridges
Thread822 words
Explains the ZK Stack framework for building ZK-powered L2 and L3 hyperchains. Covers recursive proofs, cheap L2-L3 interoperability, choice of DA layer and when a dedicated hyperchain makes sense versus deploying on zkSync Era.
Key claims
L3s settling on an L2 multiply proof compression via recursive PLONK proofs
L3-to-L3 interoperability runs through the cheap L2 instead of L1
ZK succinctness enables roughly 1,000x cheaper tx types such as oracle updates
0/ with @zksync's announcement of #ZKStack, a framework for hyperscalable and composable #L2 & #L3 hyperchains built on the @zkSync era codebase, we enter a new era of scaling on #Ethereum 🚀
a 🧵 on #zkStack & #hyperchains (0/23) 👇
1/ #ZKStack is a modular, sovereign, & future-proof framework for constructing Zero-Knowledge (ZK)-powered Chains. It is built on five core principles:
🌐 Open-Source
🧩 Modularity & Composability
🔧 Flexibility
🛡️ Battle-Tested Security
🌐 Future-Proof
2/ 🌐 Open-Source
developed under MIT/Apache open-source licenses, the #ZKStack is free to use. This approach fosters community engagement, encouraging developers to contribute & modify the framework to suit their unique needs
3/ 🧩 Modularity & Composability
#ZKStack's key attributes are its modularity & composability. It's designed to create Hyperchains, a new class of #ZK-powered chains that can seamlessly integrate into a trustless network, resulting in exceptionally low latency & shared liquidity
4/ 🔧 Flexibility
one of the #ZKStack's standout features is its flexibility. Developers can customize each facet of your #hyperchain, from the selection of your sequencer, defining data availability modes, to carving out your unique tokenomics
5/ 🛡️ Battle-Tested Security
leveraging the proven security of @zkSync Era, the most widely adopted #ZK rollup on #Ethereum, the #ZKStack offers unmatched reliability. @zksync era's substantial TVL and transaction volume highlight the confidence of the community
6/ 🌐 Future-Proof
as #Ethereum continues to grapple with scaling challenges, ZK #rollups present a promising solution. By incorporating this technology, the #ZKStack is future-proof, preparing developers to leverage the full potential of #ZK’s superpowers
7/ building ZK-powered L2s & #L3s (hyperchains) becomes easy with #ZKStack
a layer 3 (L3) is a rollup built on top of a rollup #L2, leveraging the recursiveness property of @zksync's PLONK proofs (ability for proofs to prove other proofs) & settling (verifying proofs) on the L2
8/ this creates a recursive structure where the compression benefit of #L2 proofs is multiplied by the compression benefit of #L3 proofs. This multiplies cost reduction benefits while retaining L1 security
9/ while #hyperchains built using the #ZKStack can rely on @zksync era for settlement & data availability (DA), Ethereum L1 serves as the final consensus and security layer (as aggregate proofs from the #L2 are settled on #Ethereum L1)
10/ however, #hyperchains can also use other modular DA solutions such as @CelestiaOrg, @AvailProject or @eigencloud's #EigenDA
for more info on specialized, modular DA layers, check my 🧵 below 👇
x.com/expctchaos/status/1663213648121307141
11/ as #hyperchains are based on @zksync era's codebase, check the github repo below for more information:
github.com/matter-labs/zksync-era
12/ #ZKStack is built on the perfect blend of sovereignty & seamless connectivity. Devs have complete authority over the code and enjoy unrestricted autonomy to tailor every facet of their #hyperchain
13/ as mentioned above, #hyperchains built using #ZKStack operate independently, drawing their liveness & security solely from #Ethereum L1
14/ additionally, the #hyperbridge network facilitates inter-hyperchain connections, ensuring quick, inexpensive interoperability and creating a seamlessly interoperable network
15/ moreover, on/off-ramping flows between L1 and L2 are notoriously expensive. This is different between #L2 and #L3, allowing for much cheaper and simpler L2-L3 interoperability
16/ and since the independent #L3s will interoperate with each other via the cheap #L2, not the expensive L1, L3-L3 interoperability is very cheap as well
17/ overcoming the fragmentation of liquidity across networks, @zkSync Era leads this hyperscalable unified liquidity network as the pioneering #hyperchain, setting a benchmark for others to follow
18/ but while #ZKStack is powerful, it isn't the one-size-fits-all solution. For traditional #DeFi dapps or #NFT projects, deploying on an existing #hyperchain like @zkSync #Era may be more efficient, providing synchronous composability with other protocols
19/ however, developers might prefer building their own #hyperchain on the #ZKStack under two circumstances:
🔹 When devs require tailored customization for their chain
🔹 When devs are comfortable with asynchronous connectivity to the broader ecosystem
20/ but why build on #ZKStack? 🤔
#ZK tech unlocks superpowers that aren't possible with existing non-ZK solutions. Harnessing these requires courage to innovate & tread untrodden paths. However, this can enable novel use cases & provide superior user experience/performance
21/ a few examples of unique features include:
🔹 native Account Abstraction (#AA) ensuring a superior UX
🔹 the succinctness property of #ZK proofs enabling 1,000x cheaper transaction types (like oracle updates)
🔹 ultra-low cost thanks to #zkPorter accounts
22/ wait, what is Account Abstraction you're thinking? 🤔
x.com/expctchaos/status/1642889752839077888
23/ it will definitely be interesting to see how the #L3 scaling narrative will evolve in the next few months and whether @zksync once again will be able to lead the charge with the introduction of #zkStack and its vision for a flourishing #hyperchain ecosystem 🚀
follow these zk/L2 chads for alpha🫡
@0xSalazar
@Louround_
@thesaint_
@Flowslikeosmo
@wacy_time1
@DeFiMinty
@ShivanshuMadan
@chilla_ct
@Hercules_Defi
@daddysether
@kunalgoel
@redvelvetzip
@hmalviya9
@georgethms1
@0xDinoEggs
@haylesoflagos
@Slappjakke
@0xShivani
@AlphaInsiders
to stay up to date with news in @zksync ecosystem, consider following 👇
@zk4lpha
@zkSyncFans
@Layer2NewsDAO
@ZksyncUpdate
@zkSync_daily
@ZksyncAlphas
@zksync_reporter
@zkSync_Allday
@dailynews_l2
@zkSyncNation
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What came next · since 26 Jun 2023
Since then
Zero has written 3 more pieces on zkSync since this one.