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LayerZero

35 pieces · Apr 2023 to Aug 2026 · 6 flagship

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L1/L229 DeFi19 Market structure7 Tooling6 Perps2 ZK2

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Start here · the strongest pieces on LayerZero

Map15 Mar 2024Modular ecosystem map: execution, DA, sequencing, proving, interop and RaaSPrimer on monolithic versus modular design followed by a landscape of projects per layer: rollups, settlement, DA, sequencing, proving, interoperability, rollup SDKs, RaaS, orderflow abstraction and RPC.Thesis12 Nov 2023Curvance deep dive: omnichain lending, omnichain gauge and CVE tokenomicsThesis that Curvance can become a blue-chip DeFi protocol: a lending protocol for Curve ecosystem LPs with an omnichain gauge and vote escrow built on LayerZero, 'sell the shovels' in a liquidity war. Includes CVE distribution with 420,000,069 max supply and 59.25% gauge emissions.Explainer06 Sep 2023Axelar Interchain Token Service: bridge taxonomy and the wrapped token problemClassifies bridges (native, validator or oracle based, generalized message passing, liquidity networks), lists the risk categories, then explains how Axelar's ITS issues natively fungible interchain tokens instead of bridge-specific wrapped versions. Sushi is an early adopter.

Timeline · every piece, newest first

2026 2

21 Aug 2026GTE returns: likely Hyperliquid rival on LayerZero's Zero with EthenaGTE, a former MegaETH incubatee with $25M+ raised, appears to be building a perp DEX on LayerZero's ZK-based Zero network with Ethena's USDe as the liquidity layer, based on a leaked page. Explains Zero's atomicity zones and how USDe holds its peg.BreakdownPerpsL1/L2Stablecoins34 likes

13 Feb 2026LayerZero's Zero L1: institutional distribution, unproven executionZero launches with backing from Citadel Securities, ARK, DTCC, ICE and Tether and claims of 2M TPS per zone. Live competitor Canton is further along, and 437M ZRO unlocking over 17 months dwarfs buybacks.BreakdownL1/L2RWA14 likes

2025 3

24 Aug 2025Interoperability wars: LayerZero vs Wormhole bids for StargateCompares LayerZero's $110M ZRO and Wormhole's $120M cash offers for Stargate against volume data. Stargate has the highest retail tx count but a $2.4k average size versus over $60k on Hyperliquid's bridge; DAO needs 70% approval.DataDeFiMarket structure49 likes

24 Jul 2025Union yapper reward per 0.1% mindshare at $250M to $1B FDVBenchmarks Union against interop peers (FDVs of $250M to $2B) and computes reward per 0.1% mindshare across scenarios. Season 0 pool is 0.45% of supply and Season 1 is 0.20%.DataZKMarket structure124 likes

03 Jun 2025Bridge volume breakdown: LayerZero leads with $7.42B over 30 daysLists 30-day bridge volume by protocol: LayerZero $7.42B (29.4%), the Hyperliquid bridge $3.79B (15%) and Circle CCTP $3.37B (13.4%), with total flows over $25B monthly and $900M in the past 24 hours. Ends with a referral link.DataDeFiMarket structure27 likes

2024 16

31 Oct 2024Chain abstraction landscape map: accounts, intents, solvers, clearingLandscape of chain abstraction split into account abstraction, shared sequencing, ZK proof aggregation, cross-chain messaging, intents infrastructure, orderflow and liquidity, orchestration, solver networks, solvers and clearing layers, with named projects in each.MapL1/L2DeFi90 likes

19 Sep 2024Union: ZK-powered IBC interop and the Wandering Whale Sharks NFT airdrop caseArgues Union, a ZK-powered interop layer scaling IBC beyond Cosmos, will be a major player and that the official NFT collection likely gets a UNO airdrop. Benchmarks against interop FDVs and notes Berachain and Movement partnerships.ThesisZKL1/L242 likes

30 Aug 2024Merkle Trade: Aptos' largest perp DEX and its LBAProfiles Merkle Trade as Aptos' largest perp DEX at $13B total volume, with up to 1,000x leverage and 1.3s average execution, and argues Move's type safety is a security edge. The LBA runs until Sept 5 before a Liquidswap listing.BreakdownPerpsL1/L211 likes

13 Jun 2024Entangle: cross-chain messaging, data feeds and liquid vaults, NGL valuationBreaks down Entangle's stack: Photon Messaging, Universal Data Feeds, Liquid Vaults and an Ethermint-based chain. Argues NGL looks undervalued versus interoperability peers Wormhole, Axelar and LayerZero.BreakdownL1/L2DeFi10 likes

22 Apr 2024Interoperability guide v2: messaging, transport, bridges and proof layersUpdated interop landscape separating cross-chain messaging, transport layer, bridge, aggregation and cross-chain DEX protocols, then adding proving, proof aggregation and verification layers and shared sequencers as modular building blocks.MapL1/L2Tooling48 likes

21 Apr 2024The Ultimate Interoperability Guide: landscape of cross-chain protocolsCategorized landscape of interoperability protocols across messaging, cross-chain DEXs and AMMs, lending, liquidity aggregation, bridges, proof aggregation, proving and verification, each with a short descriptor such as Wormhole's 13/19 guardian set.MapL1/L2Tooling50 likes

17 Apr 2024Interoperability landscape: interop protocols with and without a tokenSplits interop protocols into those with a token (Axelar, Wormhole, Polyhedra, Entangle, CCIP, Picasso, Omni) and tokenless ones (LayerZero, Union, Hyperlane, Polymer, Electron), with one-line security designs.MapL1/L2Tooling84 likes

10 Apr 2024Monad ecosystem map after the $225M raiseCategory map of the Monad ecosystem across DeFi, NFT and gaming, tooling, interop, wallets and oracles after its $225M raise. Frames Monad as Solana-style speed with EVM compatibility and notes its fast developer mindshare gain.MapL1/L2DeFi56 likes

09 Apr 2024Berachain ecosystem map ahead of the BERA launchCategory map of Berachain apps (DeFi, NFTfi, GameFi, gambling, interop, infra) before mainnet, noting BERA may launch on 20 April. Describes the chain as an EVM-compatible Cosmos SDK chain with Proof of Liquidity and a tri-token model.MapL1/L2DeFi63 likes

09 Apr 2024Berachain ecosystem map, first version with Cosmos walletsEarlier version of the Berachain ecosystem map across DeFi, NFTfi, GameFi, gambling, interop and infra, listing Keplr and Leap as wallets and noting BERA may launch on 20 April.MapL1/L2DeFi18 likes

08 Apr 202415 tokens likely to launch at $1B+ FDV within three monthsFDV calls for 15 expected launches, such as EigenLayer at $30-50B, zkSync at $10-20B, LayerZero at $10-20B and Kelp at $1-3B, with a one-paragraph thesis each. Explicitly framed as quick thoughts rather than deep research.Market takeL1/L2DeFi149 likes

19 Mar 2024LayerZero follow-up: DVN admin can still bypass validationFollow-up on A1 Research's review of LayerZero's reply: the docs contract was swapped days earlier, the new contract came from the same EOA, and an admin can still bypass validation or DOS the connection.Market takeL1/L2Tooling36 likes

18 Mar 2024LayerZero DVN critique: Axelar DVN admin controlled by an EOASummarizes an A1 Research finding that LayerZero's Axelar DVN has an admin controlled by an EOA able to censor traffic or transmit fraudulent transactions, plus scaling and gas costs of the pairwise DVN design. Notes LayerZero raised at over $3B.Market takeL1/L2Tooling27 likes

15 Mar 2024Modular ecosystem map: execution, DA, sequencing, proving, interop and RaaSPrimer on monolithic versus modular design followed by a landscape of projects per layer: rollups, settlement, DA, sequencing, proving, interoperability, rollup SDKs, RaaS, orderflow abstraction and RPC.MapL1/L2Ethereum144 likes

11 Mar 2024Cedro Finance: cross-chain lending with Root-Branch design and unified liquidityExplains Cedro's Root-Branch architecture, COMPA messaging aggregator and CULT unified liquidity token, which virtually merges pools across chains and keeps heavy computation on a low-cost Root chain to cut gas versus monolithic Aave-style designs.BreakdownDeFi19 likes

08 Feb 2024Entangle: data feeds and liquid vaults pitched as a multi-narrative playArgues Entangle's oracle chain, Photon messaging and liquid vaults for LP tokens touch interop, restaking, RWA, AI, DePIN and gaming, and compares an IDO below $50M FDV with Chainlink, LayerZero, Wormhole, Axelar and Pyth valuations.ThesisDeFiTooling45 likes

2023 14

13 Dec 2023Axelar leads Binance Research's interop data: tx count, chains and valuation gapUses Binance Research data to argue Axelar leads interop on fundamentals: 30D tx count 2x Wormhole and 8x Chainlink CCIP, 54 of 60 chains and many partners. Notes its FDV is far below Wormhole and LayerZero valuations.DataL1/L2Market structure162 likes

25 Nov 2023Axelar interoperability traction: chain count, Squid and enterprise integrationsBrief bullish case for Axelar as a leading GMP: over 50 chains supported, Squid integrated in top wallets, blue-chip DeFi integrations and enterprise or RWA issuer builders.Market takeL1/L2DeFi59 likes

12 Nov 2023Curvance deep dive: omnichain lending, omnichain gauge and CVE tokenomicsThesis that Curvance can become a blue-chip DeFi protocol: a lending protocol for Curve ecosystem LPs with an omnichain gauge and vote escrow built on LayerZero, 'sell the shovels' in a liquidity war. Includes CVE distribution with 420,000,069 max supply and 59.25% gauge emissions.ThesisDeFi113 likes

12 Nov 2023Manta Pacific October update: TVL growth, Manta Fest and November integrationsUpdate on Manta Pacific: TVL grew from USD 2.6M to USD 12.7M in October (338% MoM) and passed USD 24.5M, with Manta Fest, the zkEVM roadmap and new integrations such as TIA via Hyperlane Nexus.DataL1/L2DeFi85 likes

16 Oct 2023Cross-rollup composability: proof aggregation, shared sequencing and SUAVEAdds commentary to an interop overview: light-client ZK verification, validity proof aggregation layers, shared validity sequencing for atomicity, SUAVE as demand-side aggregator and shared sequencers needing stateful builders.Market takeL1/L2Market structure19 likes

14 Oct 2023Chainlink CCIP vs LayerZero: DON design, ARM network and security modelsCompares CCIP (committing and executing DONs plus an Active Risk Management layer) with LayerZero's oracle plus relayer model. Argues CCIP is less customizable but more decentralized and secure by default, and weighs this against PoS app-chain interop like Axelar.Market takeL1/L2DeFi6 likes

27 Sep 2023Chainlink CCIP: oracle problem, architecture and ARM networkExplains the oracle problem and why interoperability protocols matter, then details CCIP: router, decentralized oracle networks committing Merkle roots, the Active Risk Management network, on and off ramps, token pools and rate limits.ExplainerL1/L2DeFi42 likes

18 Sep 2023Response to Justin Bons: Ethereum scales L1 via blobs and dankshardingRebuts the claim that L2-only scaling is no scaling. Ethereum sells secure block space and shifts from B2C to B2B, rollups keep customizable execution, composability is the real concern, and L2 activity accrues fees to L1.Market takeEthereumL1/L213 likes

06 Sep 2023Axelar Interchain Token Service: bridge taxonomy and the wrapped token problemClassifies bridges (native, validator or oracle based, generalized message passing, liquidity networks), lists the risk categories, then explains how Axelar's ITS issues natively fungible interchain tokens instead of bridge-specific wrapped versions. Sushi is an early adopter.ExplainerL1/L2DeFi59 likes

13 Jul 20232023 crypto narratives: LSDfi, zkEVMs, DA, app-specific rollups, privacy, RWALists the narratives he is positioned in: LSDfi, zkEVMs, recursive L3 scaling, hyperscalable DA, app-specific rollups, privacy, interoperability, parallel VMs, WASM/RISC-V VMs, RWA (pending regulatory clarity) and perp DEXes.ThesisL1/L2PrivacyDeFi18 likes

06 Jul 2023Axelar vs LayerZero security and trust assumptions comparedCompares how Axelar (PoS validator set with threshold signatures) and LayerZero (oracle plus relayer) verify cross-chain messages. Notes voting power concentration at Axelar and LayerZero's closed codebase and censorship risk.BreakdownL1/L2Market structure22 likes

03 Jul 2023Trust-minimized bridging: proof-based vs committee-based and DA layersCompares proof-based and committee-based bridges on trust minimization and generalizability. Argues proof-based bridges still trust connected chain consensus and that shared DA layers with light clients could enable true trust minimization.ThesisL1/L2Market structure26 likes

26 May 2023Bridge landscape: ZK, IBC, messaging and other secure bridge designsCategorized list of bridging technologies seen as alternatives to committee-based multisig bridges, which have been prone to exploits: ZKP state verification, IBC-based, cross-chain messaging and others.MapL1/L2DeFi4 likes

17 Apr 2023Cross-chain bridging: the bridge trilemma, LayerZero, Stargate and IBCFrames the bridging trilemma of unified liquidity, guaranteed finality and native assets, explains LayerZero's oracle plus relayer design and Stargate's pooled liquidity, and sets IBC alongside as complementary.ExplainerDeFiL1/L210 likes

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Axelar32 Wormhole24 Hyperlane24 Union36 Celestia145 Succinct38 RISC Zero53 Avail39

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